A Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) is a hybrid motor vehicle that contains both an internal combustion engine (ICE) and an electric power structure (hybrid vehicle drivetrain). The inclusion of an electric powertrain is mainly designed to deliver either better fuel economy or better performance than a traditional car.

HEVs come in various shapes and sizes, and their ability to function as electric vehicles (EV) varies. The hybrid electric automobile is the most prevalent type of HEV, but there are also hybrid electric trucks (pickups and tractors), buses, boats, and planes. Also, read about the electrical engineering course in this article.

What Are Hybrid Electric Vehicles and How Do They Work?

An internal combustion system and an electric motor use energy stored in batteries to power hybrid electric vehicles. A hybrid electric vehicle’s battery cannot be charged by plugging it in. Instead, the battery is set by the internal combustion engine and regenerative braking.

Because of the additional power offered by the electric motor, a smaller engine may be possible. The battery can also support auxiliary loads and reduce engine idling power when the engine is stopped. These elements work combined to improve fuel economy without losing performance.

Auxiliary Components of a Hybrid Electric Car Battery

The low-voltage supportive battery of an electric drive automobile provides electrical power to start the car before the traction battery is engaged and powers vehicle accessories.

The DC/DC converter converts higher-voltage DC power from the traction battery pack to the lower-voltage DC power required to operate vehicle accessories and recharge the supportive battery.

Electric generator

While braking, it produces electricity from the rotating wheels and transfers it to the traction battery pack. Motor generators are consumed in some automobiles to provide both drive and regeneration.

Electric traction motor

This motor moves the vehicle’s wheels using energy from the traction battery package. Motor generators are consumed in some cars to keep both drive and regeneration.

• The exhaust approach is responsible for moving exhaust gases from the engine system to the tailpipe. A three-way catalyst is consumed in the exhaust system to lower the engine-out emissions.
• A gasoline filler hooks a nozzle from a fuel dispenser to the vehicle’s receptacle to fill the tank.
• The fuel tank (gasoline) stores gasoline on board the vehicle until the engine needs it.
• Fuel is pumped into either the intake manifold or the combustion chamber, where it is combined with air, and a spark plug ignites the air/fuel mixture.

Power electronics controller

This unit manages the speed of the electric traction motor and the torque it generates by controlling the flow of electrical energy provided by the traction battery.

Thermal system (cooling)

This system keeps the engine, electric motor, power electronics, and other components within a safe operating temperature range. The traction battery pack stores energy for the electric traction motor to use. The transmission is responsible for moving mechanical power from the engine and/or the electric traction motor to the wheels. Know more about hybrid electric vehicle course.